It wasn’t until recently that we had the technology to fully investigate its origins, but finally, in May of 2022, mission Endurance launched the ship “Svalbard” to take measurements over the North Pole. Reaching an altitude of 477.23 miles only to descend 19 minutes later, the team was able to measure a 0.55-volt change in electric potential. Though weaker than a battery, the polar wind was finally explained, and the existence of an ambipolar field was proven.
Hydrogen ions were the most abundant particles in the wind, and when entering the field, they were met with a force 10.6 times stronger than gravity, plenty enough to launch them into space at a supersonic speed. For heavier particles like oxygen ions, the field reduced their weight by half, allowing them to reach heights that would have previously been impossible.
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